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Alberto Fujimori〔(Official electoral data file )〕 ( or (:fuʝiˈmoɾi); ; (日本語:藤森アルベルト) ''Fujimori Aruberuto''; born 28 July 1938) is a former Peruvian politician. He was President of Peru from 28 July 1990 to 22 November 2000. A controversial figure, Fujimori ended his presidency by fleeing Peru for Japan amid a major corruption scandal and allegations of human rights violations.〔Jo-Marie Burt. 2006 "Quien habla es terrorista": the political use of fear in Fujimori's Peru. Latin American Research Review 41(3):32–61〕 Despite this, some commentators have credited his government with the creation of Fujimorism, defeating the Shining Path insurgency and restoring Peru's macroeconomic stability.〔Fox, Elizabeth, and Fox, de Cardona and Waisbord, Silvio Ricardo. ''Latin Politics, Global Media''. 2002, p. 154〕〔Hough, Peter. ''Understanding Global Security''. 2008, pp. 79–80〕〔(Fujimori's controversial career ), BBC News, 18 September 2000. Retrieved 4 November 2006.〕 Even amid his prosecution in 2008 for crimes against humanity relating to his presidency, two-thirds of Peruvians polled voiced approval for his leadership in that period. A Peruvian of Japanese descent,〔(Fujimori secures Japanese haven ), BBC News, 12 December 2000. Retrieved 29 December 2007.〕 Fujimori took refuge in Japan after charges of corruption in 2000. Upon arriving in Japan he attempted to resign his presidency, but his resignation was rejected by the Congress of the Republic, which preferred to remove him from office by the process of impeachment. Wanted in Peru on charges of corruption and human rights abuses, Fujimori maintained a self-imposed exile until his arrest during a visit to Chile in November 2005.〔(Conditional release for Fujimori ), BBC News, 18 May 2006. Retrieved 26 September 2006.〕 He was finally extradited to face criminal charges in Peru in September 2007.〔(Extradited Fujimori back in Peru ) 22 September 2007.〕 In December 2007, Fujimori was convicted of ordering an illegal search and seizure, and was sentenced to six years in prison.〔(Fujimori jailed for abusing power ), BBC News, 12 December 2007. Retrieved 12 December 2007.〕〔Corte Suprema de la República. 10 December 2008. (Resolution 17-2008 ).〕〔(Peru’s Ex-President Gets 6 Years for Illicit Search ), New York Times, 12 December 2007. Retrieved 12 December 2007.〕 The Supreme Court upheld the decision upon his appeal. In April 2009, Fujimori was convicted of human rights violations and sentenced to 25 years in prison for his role in killings and kidnappings by the Grupo Colina death squad during his government's battle against leftist guerrillas in the 1990s. The verdict delivered by a three-judge panel marked the first time that an elected head of state has been extradited back to his home country, tried, and convicted of human rights violations. Fujimori was specifically found guilty of murder, bodily harm, and two cases of kidnapping.〔Emery, Alex. (Peru’s Fujimori Found Guilty on Human Rights Charges ), Bloomberg News, 7 April 2009. Accessed 7 April 2009.〕〔(Fujimori declared guilty of human rights abuses ) (Spanish).〕〔(Peru court finds ex-president Fujimori guilty )〕〔(Fujimori gets 25 years on conviction in human rights case ), ''Boston.com'' 8 April 2009〕 In July 2009 Fujimori was sentenced to 7 and a half years in prison for embezzlement, after he admitted to giving $15 million out of the Peruvian treasury to the former intelligence service chief, Vladimiro Montesinos.〔(Fujimori convicted of corruption ), ''BBC.com'', 20 July 2009〕 Two months later in a fourth trial, he pled guilty to bribery and was given an additional six-year term.〔(Fujimori pleads guilty to bribery ), ''BBC.com'', 28 September 2009〕 Under Peruvian law all the sentences must run concurrently, with a maximum length of imprisonment of 25 years. ==Birthplace== According to government records, Fujimori was born on 28 July 1938, in Miraflores, a district of Lima. His parents, Naoichi Fujimori (original surname ''Minami'', adopted by a childless relative; 1897–1971) and Mutsue Inomoto Fujimori (1913–2009), were natives of Kumamoto, Japan, who immigrated to Peru in 1934. He holds dual Peruvian and Japanese citizenship, his parents having secured the latter through the Japanese Consulate. In July 1997, the news magazine ''Caretas'' charged that Fujimori had actually been born in Japan, in his father's hometown of Kawachi, Kumamoto Prefecture. Because Peru's constitution requires the president to have been born in Peru, this would have made Fujimori ineligible to be president.〔 The magazine, which had been sued for libel by Vladimiro Montesinos seven years earlier, reported that Fujimori's birth and baptismal certificates might have been altered.〔 ''Caretas'' also alleged that Fujimori's mother declared having two children when she entered Peru;〔 Fujimori is the second of four children. ''Caretas'' contentions were hotly contested in the Peruvian media; the magazine ''Sí'', for instance, described the allegations as "pathetic" and "a dark page for () journalism". Latin American scholars Cynthia McClintock and Fabián Vallas note that the issue appeared to have died down among Peruvians after the Japanese government announced in 2000 that "Fujimori's parents had registered his birth in the Japanese consulate in Lima".〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Alberto Fujimori」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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